Dengue del virus 1 aislado de la poliproteína Ov07, región de la proteína E de la envoltura, gen (POLY), CD parcial

Camacho Burgos, Erwin Yesid | 2019-04-10

Descripción de una nueva especie de Trichomyia (Diptera: Psychodidae) de los Andes Colombianos.

Bejarano, Eduar Elías | 2019-10-15

Trichomyia risaraldensis sp. nov., a new species of Psychodidae from the Colombian Andes, is described and illustrated. The type material was collected using a CDC light trap in the municipality of Marsella, department of Risaralda, Colombia. Morphologically speaking, Trichomyia risaraldensis sp. nov. resembles Trichomyia amata Barretto, Trichomyia brasiliensis Satchell, Trichomyia pseudodactylis Quate, and Trichomyia quatei Bravo, but can be distinguished from those species by traits of the head, wing and male genitalia. With the description of Trichomyia risaraldensis sp. nov., the number of Neotropical species in the genus Trichomyia is increased to 71.

Descripción del ARN de transferencia mitocondrial para Serina (UCN) de Lutzomyia columbiana (Diptera, Psychodidae).

Pérez Doria, Alveiro | 2019-10-16

Description of the mitochondrial serine transfer RNA (UCN) of Lutzomyia columbiana (Diptera, Psychodidae). The sand fly Lutzomyia columbiana is considered a suspected vector of Leishmania mexicana and Leishmania braziliensis in Colombia. Lu. columbiana belongs to the Lutzomyia verrucarum species group, which included some sibling species. This has motivated the search for molecular markers to distinguish these taxa. In this paper, we described for the first time the putative secondary structure of the mitochondrial serine transfer RNA that recognizes the codon UCN of Lu. columbiana (tRNASer). DNA was extracted, amplified and sequenced from six individuals collected in human biting activity. The secondary structure of the tRNASer was inferred using the program tRNAscan-SE 1.21. The tRNASer gene length was 67 pair of bases (pb), and a single haplotype was detected among the six specimens sequenced. In the inferred secondary structure of the tRNASer of Lu. columbiana, the acceptor arm consisted of 7 bp, the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm of 3 pb, the anticodon arm of 5 pb, and the ribothymidine-pseudouridine-cytosine (TøC) arm of 5 pb. Similarity, the estimated size of the loops was 5 nucleotides in the DHU, 7 in the anticodon, 4 in the variable, and 7 in the TøC. Lu. columbiana differs from other Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus species sequenced to date by the presence of guanine in the nucleotide position 64, which induce a non-canonical base pair conformation type uracil-guanine in the acceptor arm. More studies are necessary to confirm the usefulness of the tRNASer as a suitable molecular tool for sand fly species identification.

Description of Lutzomyia velezi, a new species of phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) from the Department of Antioquia, Colombia.

Bejarano, Eduar Elías | 2019-10-10

The phlebotomine sand fly Lutzomyia velezi sp.nov. was described and illustrated from male specimens collected by light trap in the Reserva Natural Cañon del Río Claro in the Central Cordillera of the Colombian Andes. The new species belongs to the series sanguinaria of the subgenus Helcocyrtomyia, which is represented in Colombia by Lutzomyia cirrita, Lutzomyia hartmanni, Lutzomyia sanguinaria, Lutzomyia scorzai, Lutzomyia sp. of Pichindé and Lutzomyia tortura. The new species can be differentiated from others of the subgenus by the combination of the fol- lowing characteristics: long antennal ascoids, reaching level of the papilla, coxite with a single basal seta and fifth palpomere longer than or equal to the sum of the lengths of the third and fourth palpomeres.

Design and analytical validation of a duplex PCR for Ehrlichia and Rickettsia detection in ticks.

Pérez Pérez, Juan C. | 2019-09-24

Background: Ehrlichia and Rickettsia are two major rickettsial genera transmitted by ticks that affect a number of wild and domestic animal species and human populations around the world.

Detección de anticuerpos anti-leishmania (trypanosomatidae) en poblaciones caninas del departamento de Sucre, Colombia.

Paternina Tuirán, Luis Enrique | 2019-10-01

The aim of this survey was to determine prevalence of antibodies against Leishmania in dogs from Sucre, Colombia. We analyzed 122 dogs in rural areas from municipalities of Sampués, Ovejas and Sincelejo, by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA). Anti-Leishmania antibodies were detected in 69.6 % (95 % CI = 61.1 to 78.2) of the selected canine population. In the municipality of Sincelejo, Sampues and Ovejas, the seropositivities were 72 % (95 % CI = 61.1 to 82.8), 68.4 % (95 % CI = 52.3 to 84.5) and 55.5 % (95 % CI = 21.2 to 86.3) respectively. Seropositive animals were mainly young and adult dogs. The 17.6 % of seropositive dogs showed clinical signs compatible with canine leishmaniasis; onychogryphosis, alopecia and cachexia were the most common ones. The detected high frequency of canines with antibodies against Leishmania in the present study, highlights the hyperendemicity status of canine leishmaniasis in this area of the country and the high risk of disease outbreaks.

Detección de infección natural por trypanosoma cruzi (trypanosomatidae) en triatominos del municipio de Colosó, Colombia

Ayala Hoyos, Carolina Julieth | 2019-09-19

The report of triatomines infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in a wild area of the municipality of Colosó, made it necessary to determine the species of vectors near the houses in the village Jorro, because it is the closest rural settlement to this finding. The presence of triatomine species with epidemiological importance was reported by first time, with a high percentage of infection with the parasite, in addition to expanding the distribution of these vectors in the department of Sucre. The researchers captured insects in 13 dwellings through active search, community surveillance and light traps.

Detección de leptospiras patógenas en tejido renal de ratón casero (Mus musculus) en Sincelejo, Colombia.

Castellar M., Anaís | 2019-09-27

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide distribution with more frequency in tropical countries. Some rodents and among them the Mus musculus or house mouse are asymptomatic chronic carriers of pathogenic Leptospira spp because they have them in their kidneys and spread it to the environment through the urine. This study aimed to detect Leptospira spp molecularly in kidneys removed from M. musculus in the municipality of Sincelejo (Sucre, Colombia). The capture of rodents was conducted in the urban area of the city: intra and peridomiciliar Sherman® traps were installed in the second quarter of 2010 and the first quarter of 2011 for 14 to 15 hours. During the necropsy the kidneys of individuals were removed for DNA extraction and PCR analysis for the amplification of the 423 pb gene segment between positions 270 and 692 of the coding region LipL32. A total of 154 individuals were captured, of which five were positive for pathogenic Leptospira spp. The correlation analysis showed that mice are mostly positive in commune 2, followed by commune 4 in the municipality. The study suggests that basic sanitation establishes favorable environments for the epidemiological process of the bacteria and the circulation of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in M. musculus is demonstrated in the municipality of Sincelejo. It is inferred that rodent infestation in the studied area is a potential source for the transmission of pathogenic Leptospira spp. to human beings, which is susceptible to all pathogenic species of the genus.

Detección de Toxoplasma gondii por amplificación del gen B1 en carnes de consumo humano.

Campo Portacio, Blanco Tuirán, Pedro José Diana Marcela | 2019-10-03

To determine the frequency of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in different types of meat that is sold for human consumption in Sincelejo-Sucre, by PCR for B1 gene amplification.

Detección parasitológica y molecular de Anaplasma spp en ganado bovino de Ovejas, Sucre (Colombia).

Carrillo Martínez, Auris C. | 2019-10-29

Uno de los obstáculos más relevantes de la ganadería nacional son las enfermedades transmitidas por ectoparásitos en particular la anaplasmosis bovina, una enfermedad causada por Anaplasma marginale. Esta infección se caracteriza por presentar amplia distribución mundial y por alcanzar especial importancia económica, debido a la disminución de la producción de carne y leche, mortalidad y pérdida de la eficiencia reproductiva por abortos. Hasta la fecha se desconoce la circulación del género Anaplasma en bovinos del municipio de Ovejas. El propósito de esta investigación es determinar la frecuencia de infección de Anaplasma spp en bovinos del municipio de Ovejas, Sucre (Colombia).

Detection of Autochthonous Zika Virus Transmission in Sincelejo, Colombia.

Camacho, Erwin | 2019-09-27

During October–November 2015, a total of 22 patients received a presumptive diagnosis of an acute viral illness by emergency department physicians at the Centro de Diagnostico Medico-Universidad de Sucre in Sincelejo. The patients began treatment for a dengue-like illness, and blood samples were obtained for diagnosis. The samples were analyzed at the Universidad de Sucre by using reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to detect DENV, CHIKV, or Zika virus. Viral RNA was extracted from the serum samples by using the ZR Viral RNA Kit (Zymo Research, Irvine, CA, USA); reverse transcription was performed by using the Protoscript First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, USA). Amplicons were produced by using the OneTaq Quick-Load 2X Master Mix (New England Biolabs) with primers specific to DENV (7), CHIKV (forward: 5′-CGCCAACATTCTGCTTACAC-3′; reverse: 5′-AGGATGCCGGTCATTTGAT-3′), and Zika virus. T

Detection of Dengue Virus in Department of Bolivar, Colombia, 2012- 2013, Real-Time PCR.

Gómez Camargo, Doris Esther | 2019-11-12

To assess the presence of RNA from dengue virus by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction with Reverse Transcriptase (qRT-PCR), in anti-dengue IgM seronegative serum samples obtained from symptomatic patients with less than 5 days of fever, in the department of Bolivar, Colombia.

Determinación de la genotoxicidad de la ivermectina a través del ensayo cometa.

Montes V., Donicer | 2019-10-08

La Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad de Sucre, con el objeto de evaluar el daño genético (ADN) causado por la IVM, las dosis utilizadas fueron las estipuladas por la casa comercial que distribuye el producto (1cc/50 Kg de pv-vía SC). La extracción de la muestra sanguínea fue realizada a los 14 días pos tratamiento, mediante punción venosa con aguja para vacutainer (caudal medial), se extrajeron 4 ml de sangre entera (vacutainer con EDTA como anticoagulante), las cuales fueron etiquetados y conservadas en frío de acuerdo al protocolo de traslado al laboratorio para su procesamiento. Los resultados han puesto en evidencia que ambos compuestos ejercen un efecto genotóxico y citotóxico en células CHO-K1 cuando las mismas son expuestas a concentraciones equimolares del principio activo de 1,0-250,0 μg/ml (MOLINARI et al., 2008.

Determinación de la mutación Asn-108 del gen DHFR de Plasmodium falciparum asociada con resistencia in vitro a pirimetamina en aislados del departamento de Sucre, Colombia.

Aljure, S. | 2019-10-25

The malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. Plasmodium falciparum is the responsibleof the most severe form of the disease. The report of cases of malaria in Sucre (Colombia) increased of 371 in 2000to 611 in 2004, according to data of the epidemiology department of DASSALUD; in spite of this, studies publishedabout of causes of this increase do not exist.One of the factors related to the increase of the morbidity and mortality by malaria at world is the resistancethat P. falciparum has developed towards antimalarials drugs . The resistance to pirimetamina has been relatedto point mutations in the gene that codifies for the Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), component of the biosyntheticroute of folate of the parasite. The objective of the present study was to detect the presence in Sucre, of P.falciparum strain with the Asn 108 DHFR mutation, associated with in vitro pyrimethamine resistance.The investigation was carried out between October of 2002 and March of 2004. The detection of the wildgenotype Ser- 108 and the mutant genotype Asn -108 was made by allele specific PCR. During the study 122 casesof falciparum malaria were reported, of which 6.6 % were native infections and 93.4% were acquired in endemicdepartments. Of 36 analyzed samples by PCR, 27.7 % displayed the genotype Asn -108, the rest of the samplesdisplayed the genotype Ser -108. These results indicate that one of the main causes of the increase of registeredmalaria cases in Sucre, are the migrations and frequent flow of infected people, originating of endemic region.This is an important factor by the appearance of native infection and favors the introduction of P. falciparumstrain with resistance to pirimetamina.

Development of Envelope Protein Antigens To Serologically Differentiate Zika Virus Infection from Dengue Virus Infection

Lakshmanane, Premkumar | 2019-09-19

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus that can cause birth defects and neurologic complications. Molecular tests are effective for diagnosing acute ZIKV infection, although the majority of infections produce no symptoms at all or present after the narrow window in which molecular diagnostics are dependable. Serology is a reliable method for detecting infections after the viremic period; however, most serological assays have limited specificity due to cross-reactive antibodies elicited by flavivirus infections. Since ZIKV and dengue virus (DENV) widely cocirculate, distinguishing ZIKV infection from DENV infection is particularly important for diagnosing individual cases or for surveillance to coordinate public health responses.

Diagnostic accuracy of rKLO8 versus rK26 ELISAs for screening of canine visceral leishmaniasis.

Martínez Abad, Lily P. | 2019-11-05

Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) represents an important public health issue. Despite numerous diagnostic tests available, CVL diagnosis still needs to be improved to achieve a more accurate detection rate. Recently, rKLO8, a new antigenic protein of Sudanese Leishmania donovani, was studied for the first time in diagnosis of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) and showed good performance. The present study aimed to evaluate serum reactivity to rKL08 and the reference antigen rK26, and to compare both diagnostic proteins with the combined DPP® CVL rapid test and ELISA (EIE-Bio-Manguinhos) confirmatory test, which are both recommended for the diagnosis of CVL in Brazil. Serum samples of dogs were grouped into: (I) DPP®/EIE negative (n=100) and (II) DPP®/EIE positive sera (n=100). Enhanced levels of IgG, mainly IgG2, to both rKLO8 and rK26 were found in group II. Sensitivity was 68% and 77% and specificity was 92% and 91%, for rKLO8 and rK26 antigens, respectively. Moreover, the combination of rKLO8 and rK26 antigens (rKLO8+rK26) exhibited higher sensitivity (85%) and specificity (93%). Thus, our results show that apart from the improved diagnostic power of rKLO8 in HVL, this new antigen is also suitable for the diagnosis of CVL. Further, the combination of rKLO8 and rK26 antigens increases the diagnostic accuracy of CVL.

Diferencias genéticas entre poblaciones de Aedes aegypti de municipios del norte de Colombia, con baja y alta incidencia de dengue.

Caldera, Sandy Milena | 2019-10-04

Aedes aegypti is the principal vector of dengue in urban areas. Despite its epidemiological importance, the genetic variability of Colombian populations of this species is unknown. To determine the genetic variability of mitocondrial gene ND4, which codes for subunit 4 of the enzyme NADH deshydrogenase, between populations of Ae. aegypti from municipalities of Sincelejo and Guaranda. The incidences of dengue reported from these two localities are high and low, respectively.

Distribución geográfica de especies de garrapatas infectadas con Babesia de zonas rurales del departamento de Sucre, Colombia.

Guevara Vega, Marco | 2019-11-08

The agents of the genus Babesia (Piroplasma: Babesiidae) are hemoparasites protozoa transmitted by ticks of the family Ixodidae during blood meal. In Colombia, the few studies of ticks, have focused on aspects of pest control in veterinary medicine and its impact on livestock, with very few contributions to the study of these ectoparasites as potential vectors of zoonotic diseases. In this paper, distribution models for tick species as R. (Boophilus) microplus, D. nitens, and R. sanguineus to estimate risk areas ixodológico in the Caribbean region were created. This distribution modeling was built by algorithms such as Maximum Entropy, and implemented in 3.3.3k Maxent program, taking the geographical points where there has been the presence of tick species and environmental variables to describe the ecological space used by each of them. All projections geographic distribution models generated were processed in QGIS 2.8.2 program. It was obtained as a result that some areas of the department of Cordoba can probably be these tick species and absent in places like the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. This is the first step in determining which areas are likely to find potential vectors of zoonotic agents of the genus Babesia.

Distribution of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae in Hard Ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) from Panamanian Urban and Rural Environments (2007-2013).

Bermúdez, Sergio E. | 2019-10-05

Tick-borne rickettsiosis is an important emerging disease in Panama; to date, there have been 12 confirmed cases, including eight fatalities. To evaluate the distribution of rickettsiae in Panamanian ticks, we collected questing and on-host ticks in urban and rural towns in elevations varying between 0 and 2300 m. A total of 63 sites (13 urban and 50 rural towns) were used to develop models of spatial distributions. We found the following tick species: Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. (present in 54 of 63 towns and cities), Amblyomma mixtum (45/63), Dermacentor nitens (40/63), A. ovale (37/63), Rhipicephalus microplus (33/63), A. oblongoguttatum (33/63), Ixodes affinis (3/63), and Ixodes boliviensis (2/63). Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. was present in urban and rural towns, and other species were present only in rural towns. DNA was extracted from 408 R. sanguineus s.l., 387 A. mixtum, 103 A. ovale, and 11 A. oblongoguttatum and later tested for rickettsiae genes using PCR. Rickettsia DNA was detected in ticks from 21 of 63 localities. Rickettsia rickettsii was detected in five A. mixtum (1.29%), and Candidatus ‘‘Rickettsia amblyommii’’ was found in 138 A. mixtum (35%), 14 R. sanguineus (3.4%), and one A. ovale (0.9%). These results suggest that much of rural Panama is suitable for the expansion of tick populations and could favor the appearance of new tick-borne rickettsiosis outbreaks.

DNA barcode for identification of immature stages of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) collected from natural breeding sites.

Vivero, Rafael José | 2019-09-25

Although phlebotomine sand flies breeding sites have been identified and recorded by several studies, the microhabitats exploited by these insects remain little-known and hard to find. In this context, the difficulty of finding immature stages, and the limited number of taxonomic studies to identify immature stages of phlebotomine sand flies, are considered the major obstacles when attempting a complete inventory of Lutzomyia species. The objective of this study is to validate Cytochrome Oxidase I (Barcode region) as a marker for the identification of immature stages of Lutzomyia species recovered from natural breeding sites in Colombia. Among 142 collected sand flies, 18 immature individuals that did not complete their life cycle were identified to species level through sequencing of the COI gene. Values of K2P genetic distance between 0.002–0.031 allowed the identification of larvae at species level. The bootstrap support values (96%) in the Neighbor-Joining dendrogram were consistent for the majority of the established MOTUS of Lutzomyia atroclavata, Lutzomyia micropyga, Lutzomyia serrana, Lutzomyia cayennensis, Lutzomyia rangeliana, Lutzomyia shannoni and some species of the genus Brumptomyia. The COI gene is validated as a marker for the identification of immature stages of the genus Lutzomyia.