Estudiantes de educación media en Sincelejo: influencia de variables socio-económicas en su desempeño pruebas saber 11

Vertel Morinson, Melba | 2016

Una de las prioridades principales de una nación es el desarrollo de la sociedad en general, un desarrollo que tiene que ver con crecimiento económico, bienestar social y necesidades básicas satisfechas, además de mayor inclusión social y distribución de la riqueza, o de la renta, de forma equitativa, es decir que haya menos desigualdad; sin embargo uno de los factores relevantes y quizás de los más importantes para lograrlo, es la educación. En este trabajo, se definirá y aclarara, cuales variables socioeconómicas inciden más en este tema, pero principalmente las que inciden en el bajo rendimiento académico, ya que es considerado un problema, que a través de los tiempos y en todos los niveles de la educación, ha ocupado la atención de quienes de una u otra forma, están comprometidos en la difícil tarea de educar, así que, cualquier investigación que arroje luces sobre él es fundamental, ya que permite una mejor comprensión de la situación. El rendimiento académico demostrado en las pruebas saber 11, se constituye como un indicador del nivel de aprendizaje alcanzado por los estudiantes de educación media, por lo menos en nuestro país, Colombia, es de mucha importancia este indicador, por ello se llega a la necesidad de estudiar los determinantes del rendimiento académico de los alumnos de las diferentes instituciones educativas del municipio de Sincelejo, ya que no todos los estudiantes cuentan con el excelente rendimiento que se espera, y es que, la deserción escolar o el bajo rendimiento académico, son un problema que afecta como ya se ha dicho el desarrollo de la sociedad, y se da por diversos factores, que pueden variar, dependiendo del estilo de vida de cada estudiante, y de otros factores influyentes, como los socioeconómicos (los de objeto de estudio), mas no obstante, este problema genera preocupación no solo al estudiante, sino también al padre de familia, a los directivos y profesores de las diversas instituciones educativas, por las implicaciones que trae consigo, por un lado se encuentra la baja accesibilidad a la educación superior por parte de los estudiantes, ya que muchas instituciones de educación superior tienen en cuenta los resultados de las pruebas saber 11 para su inclusión; por otro lado, está el cuestionamiento de la eficiencia del sistema educativo de la institución, ya que si se presentan muy bajos resultados por parte de la mayoría de sus estudiantes, las personas, principalmente padres de familia y estudiantes, empezaran a ver al plantel como el causante de los bajos rendimientos, denotándolo como una mala institución por baja calidad educativa. Aunque, es de tener en cuenta que, todos los avances tecnológicos han sido de mucha ayuda para la cobertura educativa, y se han llevado a cabo muchas acciones para lograr una mayor pertinencia de la educación transmitida, dándole una mejoría, pero los resultados muchas veces demuestran lo contrario. Es por ello, que se ha visionado en este artículo analizar las variables socioeconómicas, como ya se había premencionado, que inciden con mayor fuerza, en el rendimiento de los estudiantes del municipio de Sincelejo, por tanto, el identificarlos, podría convertirlo en un importante instrumento de estudio para la dirección de políticas educativas y sociales que buscan el mejoramiento de la calidad educativa.

Análisis Factorial Múltiple de la competitividad de empresas lácteas del municipio de Sincelejo, Colombia

Hernández Taboada, Fernando | 2016

The incidence of business components (production, marketing, human talent, process management and finance) on the competitiveness of dairy companies in Sincelejo, Colombia, was evaluated through an exploratory Multiple Factorial Analysis, multivariate technique that allows simultaneously analysis of several groups of variables (components of competitiveness) on the same set of individuals (companies). It was determined that the components of competitiveness as marketing, finance and human talent represent a risk factor for the analyzed companies; and administrative processes and production have better results. Added to this, the dairy companies A and B showed a greater competitiveness, unlike the others whose competitiveness was lower.

Evaluación sensorial del queso costeño a nivel de tiendas en el departamento de Sucre, Colombia

Hernández Taboada, Fernando | 2016

The organoleptic characteristics of costeño cheese, which it is distributed in the grocery stores in Sucre, Colombia, were evaluated using sensory methods to establish product differentiation parameters. Sensory analysis was carried out through direct observation and descriptive attributes that are perceived by the sense organs: texture, color, odor, hardness, grain size and presence of impurities. For the study, samples of 200 g of cheese in 160 grocery stores municipalities in the department farmers were taken. Statistical analysis using multiple correspondence analysis as exploratory multivariate technique, determined that costeño cheese has a slightly sour smell, white color, presents firmness and no impurities, besides it shows large granules and soft texture to the touch.

Dengue del virus 1 aislado de la poliproteína Ov07, región de la proteína E de la envoltura, gen (POLY), CD parcial

Camacho Burgos, Erwin Yesid | 2019-04-10

Influencie of pretreatments on crystallinity and enzymatic hydrolysis in sugar caane residues

Flórez Pardo, Luz M. | 2019-09-04

This research evaluated the effect of different delignification pretreatments (enzymatic and organosolv), on the crystallinity and enzymatic hydrolysis of harvested sugar cane residues. The Crystallinity Index (CrI), the Relative Number of Intensity (Ir), the degree of cellulose mercerization (IIC-%), and the Global Index of Saccharification (GIS) were used as measurement parameters for six different substrates obtained from sugar cane residues (tops and leaves) by different processes. In this characterization, the spectroscopic ty Techniques of Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction and scanning eElectron microscopy (SEM) were used. Substrates to which only organosolv pretreatment was applied, without any further treatment, presented good behavior for the enzymatic hydrolysis and a high CrI, possibly due to the increase of the crystallinity by elimination of amorphous material.

Actividad Leishmanicida de annona purpurea

Cárdenas, Dary Luz | 2019-09-16

The ethanolic fraction of total extract of Annona purpurea was evaluated in vitro against amastigotes of Leishmania panamensis and the cell line U937. This fraction was more active as leishmanicidal than Glucantime®.

A new species of sycorax(Diptera, psychodidae, sycoracinae) from the pacific coast of Colombia

Bejarano, Eduar Elías | 2019-09-16

A new species of Sycorax (Diptera, Psychodidae,sycoracinae) from the pacific coast of Colombia.Sycorax utriensis n. sp. is described and illustrated from a male specimen collected with a CDC light trap in the parque Nacional Natural Ensenada de Utría,on the pacific Coast of Colombia.Five species of sycorax are now known from Colombia,S.andicola Young,1979,S.colombiensis Young,1979,S.trispinosa Young,1979 and S. utriensis n.sp.

Comparación de tres métodos de extracción de ADN a partir de garrapatas duras (Acari: Ixodidae)

Guevara Vega, Marco | 2019-09-18

The aim of the present investigation was to compare the performance of three DNA extraction methods (salts, columns and guanidine thiocyanate) from ticks for studies of pathogen detection and molecular systematics of ticks. DNA extraction performance was measured by multiple comparisons on 30 tick samples and assessment of quality of the DNA extract through PCR amplification of 16S mitochondrial ticks gene. The presence of Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma and Babesia.

Brote fiebre por virus Chikungunya en Ovejas, Sucre, septiembre de 2014.

Castillo Pabón, José Orlando | 2019-09-18

La fiebre Chikungunya es una enfermedad endémica en África, Asia e India y más recientemente en América. Se manifiesta por fiebre, poliartralgias y artritis. Se describe a continuación un brote de esta enfermedad detectado en el mes de septiembre de 2014 en el municipio de Ovejas ( Sucre ), haciendo énfasis en las manifestaciones clínicas, el tratamiento médico implementado y algunos antecedentes epidemiológicos. Las artralgias con 96,0% y la fiebre con 92,0% fueron los signos y síntomas más comunes.

Detección de infección natural por trypanosoma cruzi (trypanosomatidae) en triatominos del municipio de Colosó, Colombia

Ayala Hoyos, Carolina Julieth | 2019-09-19

The report of triatomines infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in a wild area of the municipality of Colosó, made it necessary to determine the species of vectors near the houses in the village Jorro, because it is the closest rural settlement to this finding. The presence of triatomine species with epidemiological importance was reported by first time, with a high percentage of infection with the parasite, in addition to expanding the distribution of these vectors in the department of Sucre. The researchers captured insects in 13 dwellings through active search, community surveillance and light traps.

Development of Envelope Protein Antigens To Serologically Differentiate Zika Virus Infection from Dengue Virus Infection

Lakshmanane, Premkumar | 2019-09-19

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus that can cause birth defects and neurologic complications. Molecular tests are effective for diagnosing acute ZIKV infection, although the majority of infections produce no symptoms at all or present after the narrow window in which molecular diagnostics are dependable. Serology is a reliable method for detecting infections after the viremic period; however, most serological assays have limited specificity due to cross-reactive antibodies elicited by flavivirus infections. Since ZIKV and dengue virus (DENV) widely cocirculate, distinguishing ZIKV infection from DENV infection is particularly important for diagnosing individual cases or for surveillance to coordinate public health responses.

Babesia bigemina en bovinos del municipio Los Palmitos (Sucre, Colombia)

Martínez Mercado, María Rebeca | 2019-09-19

Bovine babesiosis is a disease that usually causes losses in the livestock sector, so it is necessary to diagnose early the haemoparasite in cattle. The aim of this study was the detection, by duplex PCR, of Babesia species that are present in cattle of the municipality of Los Palmitos in the department of Sucre, Colombia.

Variabilidad genética de Aedes aegypti en el departamento de Sucre, Colombia, mediante el análisis de la secuencia de nucleótidos del gen mitocondrial ND4.

Atencia, María Claudia | 2019-09-20

Aedes aegypti is the most important mosquito species in America for the transmission of viruses of dengue, Zika, Chikungunya and yellow fever. Ecological factors as well as chemical controls can affect the genetic composition of Ae. aegypti populations, which is why its genetic characterization is necessary.

Mycobacterium avium subespecie paratuberculosis en heces de bovinos del municipio de Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia

Caraballo Blanco, Libardo | 2019-09-20

The objective of the study was to determine the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in cattle faeces from the municipality of Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia. A direct bacteriological study was performed by microscopy techniques and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for pools of faeces with two molecular markers, one specific for MAP (IS900) and another based on 16S of the genus Mycobacterium. The presence of acid-fast bacilli occurred in 21.1% of the faecal samples stained with Ziehl Neelsen. Three pools were positive with IS900 and three with 16S. The sequencing indicated the presence of three species of bacteria: MAP, Mycobacterium abscessus and Dietzia timorensis. The presence of MAP in the department of Sucre is identified for the first time.

Primer registro del flebotomíneo Warileya (Hertigia) hertigi en Antioquia, Colombia.

Bejarano, Eduar Elías | 2019-09-20

The genus Warileya is one of the least-known taxa of sandflies, comprising only nine species, i.e., W. (Warileya) phlebotomanica, W. (Hertigia) hertigi, W. (W.) rotundipennis, W. (W.) nigrosacculus, W. (W.) yungasi, W. (W.) fourgassiensis, W. (W.) lumbrerasi, W. (W.) euniceae and W. (W.) leponti.

Aislamiento de Leishmania infantum a partir de Canis familiaris en área urbana del Caribe colombiano

Rivero Rodríguez, Matilde Elena | 2019-09-20

The isolation of parasites of the genus Leishmania is reported from a popliteal ganglion biopsy obtained from a dog with canine visceral leishmaniasis. The dog lived in the urban area of the municipality of Ovejas, Sucre, Colombia. The Indirect Immunofluorescence test was positive for anti-Leishmania spp antibodies up to a dilution of 1/128. The typing of L. infantum was performed by isoenzyme electrophoresis and by 924 Rev Inv Vet Perú 2018; 29(3): 923-930 M. Rivero et al. analysis of the sequence of the cytochrome b gene and the nuclear gene that codes for the heat shock protein of 70 Kda (Hsp70). The present finding is the first confirmation of infection by L. infantum in canines in the urban area of the Colombian Caribbean.

Modelos potenciales de distribución geográfica y climática del complejo Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae), potencial vector de Rickettsia rickettsii en Colombia.

Acevedo Gutiérrez, Leidy Y. | 2019-09-23

The species of the Amblyoma cajennense complex, potential vectors involved in the transmission of Rickettsia rickettsii in Central and South America, have a wide geographical distribution in the Neotropics. In Colombia, the knowledge about these species, their distribution, and many aspects of their ecology is still limited.

Design and analytical validation of a duplex PCR for Ehrlichia and Rickettsia detection in ticks.

Pérez Pérez, Juan C. | 2019-09-24

Background: Ehrlichia and Rickettsia are two major rickettsial genera transmitted by ticks that affect a number of wild and domestic animal species and human populations around the world.

Evaluación de las prácticas sanitarias que ejecutan algunos hatos ganaderos de la subregión Montes de María (Sucre, Colombia)

Contreras Gómez, María José | 2019-09-24

Animal health is one of the aspects most important fact in production processes, more in the livestock sector where losses generated by the presence of disease in herds is both economic and health problem because everything related is risk. In this paper, it was intended to know by personal communication of the owners of cattle, the main diseases affecting cattle in the sub-region Montes de Maria. An evaluative survey was applied to herd owners in the sub-region and the data reported by different governmental entities were reviewed.

Loss of C-5 sterol desaturase activity results in increased resistance to azole and echinocandin antifungals in a clinical isolate of Candida parapsilosis.

Rybak, Jeffrey M. | 2019-09-24

Among emerging non-albicans Candida species, Candida parapsilosis is of particular concern as a cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections in neonatal and intensive care unit patients. While fluconazole and echinocandins are considered effective treatments for such infections, recent reports of fluconazole and echinocandin resistance in C. parapsilosis indicate a growing problem. The present study describes a novel mechanism of antifungal resistance in this organism affecting susceptibility to azole and echinocandin antifungals in a clinical isolate obtained from a patient with prosthetic valve endocarditis. Transcriptome analysis indicated differential expression of several genes in the resistant isolate, including upregulation of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway genes ERG2, ERG5, ERG6, ERG11, ERG24, ERG25, and UPC2.