Examinando por Materia "Malaria"
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Publicación Acceso abierto Determinación de la mutación Asn-108 del gen DHFR de Plasmodium falciparum asociada con resistencia in vitro a pirimetamina en aislados del departamento de Sucre, Colombia.(Santa Marta, Colombia: Revista Duazary, 2005., 2019-10-25) Aljure, S.; Mendoza, K.; Mendoza, DL.; Blanco, P.The malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. Plasmodium falciparum is the responsibleof the most severe form of the disease. The report of cases of malaria in Sucre (Colombia) increased of 371 in 2000to 611 in 2004, according to data of the epidemiology department of DASSALUD; in spite of this, studies publishedabout of causes of this increase do not exist.One of the factors related to the increase of the morbidity and mortality by malaria at world is the resistancethat P. falciparum has developed towards antimalarials drugs . The resistance to pirimetamina has been relatedto point mutations in the gene that codifies for the Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), component of the biosyntheticroute of folate of the parasite. The objective of the present study was to detect the presence in Sucre, of P.falciparum strain with the Asn 108 DHFR mutation, associated with in vitro pyrimethamine resistance.The investigation was carried out between October of 2002 and March of 2004. The detection of the wildgenotype Ser- 108 and the mutant genotype Asn -108 was made by allele specific PCR. During the study 122 casesof falciparum malaria were reported, of which 6.6 % were native infections and 93.4% were acquired in endemicdepartments. Of 36 analyzed samples by PCR, 27.7 % displayed the genotype Asn -108, the rest of the samplesdisplayed the genotype Ser -108. These results indicate that one of the main causes of the increase of registeredmalaria cases in Sucre, are the migrations and frequent flow of infected people, originating of endemic region.This is an important factor by the appearance of native infection and favors the introduction of P. falciparumstrain with resistance to pirimetamina.Publicación Acceso abierto Identificación de especies de Anopheles de importancia médica en el Departamento de Sucre, Colombia.(Santa Marta, Colombia: Duazary , 2006., 2019-10-23) Pérez Rodríguez, Gladis; Pérez Quiroz, Blas; Mendoza Meza, Dary Luz; Blanco Tuiran, PedroIn Colombia, Anopheles, subgenus Nyssorhynchus have a great importance in tropical medicine since this subgenus contains most of found the vectoras species of the malaria in the country. Sucre, located to the north of Colombia, presents bioclimatics conditions that favor the development of Anopheles pertaining to the Nyssorhynchus subgenus, nevertheless the knowledge on this is little. In order to verify the presence of species of the subgenus in two subregions of Sucre (Sabana and Golfo de Morrosquillo), one inventory of Anopheles mosquitoes was made, using for its capture human bait. For the identification of the species taxonomic keys were used. A total of 221 especimenes pertaining to five species of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) was collected: A. albimanus, A. triannulatus, A.marajoara, A. Pseudopunctipennis and A. nunestovari of which two are considered like main vectors of the malaria (A. albimanus and A. nunestovari) and one like secondary vector (A. pseudopunctipennis).Publicación Acceso abierto Mitochondrial DNA divergence between wild and laboratory populations of Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann (Diptera: Culicidae).(Londrina, Brasil: Neotropical Entomology, 2005., 2019-10-25) Arias, Lida; Bejarano, Eduar E.; Márquez, Edna; Moncada, John; Vélez, Iván; Uribe, Sandra; Sociedad Entomológica de Brasil.Studies of insect vectors may be facilitated by using laboratory colonies. However, it has been suggested that the colony insects are not representative of natural populations, sometimes yeal ding to erroneous interpretations of the intraspecific genetic variation between the individuals. In the present study the variability of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b was evaluated among a closed laboratory colony of Anopheles albimanus that was founded 20 years ago and the field population from which it was derived. The analyses revealed the presence of five and three nucleotide haplotypes in the wild and colony populations, respectively. Wild individuals presented greater variability than those of the colony based on the number of polymorphic sites, haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity and mean values of nucleotide differences. The mean and net numbers of nucleotide substitutions per site between populations and the significant FST value calculated (0,37179, P = 0.05) indicate that there is a considerable degree of genetic differentiation between them. The phylogenetic tree showed that the colony haplotypes appear to be derived from the wild population. These results suggest a great genetic variability in wild specimens compared with the laboratory ones as a consequence of a long time of colonization.